By solving these four problems, domestic industrial basic sensors can take off

In order to meet the needs of national industrial development, especially the needs of sensors in special fields such as energy, chemical industry, transportation and aerospace, since the 1950s, the state has successively organized a number of national research institutions, professional production enterprises and some key universities to jointly tackle key problems and produce industrial sensors.   after the efforts of several generations and nearly half a century, an industrial sensor system with Chinese characteristics covering the whole industrial field has been basically completed so far. Many sensors from scratch, to a considerable extent, meet the needs of national industrial development.
The sensor industry has entered a stage of rapid development
Since the 12th Five Year Plan, intensive sensor related policies have promoted the rapid development of China's sensor industry.
During the 13th Five Year Plan period, the government's support was further strengthened. In 2017, the Ministry of industry and information technology issued the three-year (2017-2019) action guide for intelligent sensor industry and the three-year (2018-2020) action plan for promoting the development of a new generation of artificial intelligence industry, which directly gave birth to two special projects: development of major scientific instruments and equipment, manufacturing basic technology and Research on key components.
In August 2020, the State Council issued several policies for promoting the high-quality development of integrated circuit industry and software industry in the new era, which put forward plans for the development of China's integrated circuit industry from all aspects, such as fiscal and tax policies, investment and financing policies, research and development policies, import and export policies, talent policies, intellectual property policies, market application policies, international cooperation policies, etc, It has directly promoted the development of integrated circuit industry and software industry in the current new period and new stage to a new development stage, and played a leading and exemplary role in the development of other related basic industries.
Under the background of the continuous introduction of a series of policies, China's sensor industry has entered a rapid development stage, forming an industrial layout with basic full coverage, and the industrial demand sensor has changed from independent to the introduction of full industrial chain coverage. On the premise of self-sufficiency, medium and low-grade products are exported, and the supporting construction and level of design, R & D and application are generally improved.
In the rapidly developing Chinese industrial market, the demand for sensors has changed from original supporting to rigid demand. The huge market attraction brought by the transformation and upgrading of Chinese manufacturing is also a huge attraction not only to domestic enterprises, but also to foreign leading industrial sensor enterprises, such as Emerson of the United States, e + h of Germany The market share of Yokogawa and other industrial sensor giants in China has become an important part of their company's business.
Driven by government support and industry demand, China's industrial sensors have formed an industrial chain model composed of materials, devices, systems and networks, and the scale and quality of the industrial chain have been continuously improved and improved.   according to statistics, there are more than 2000 sensor manufacturers with a certain scale applied to industrial manufacturing in China, and their products basically cover all fields of industrial manufacturing. About 16000 types and specifications of various industrial sensors are produced. Sensor industry clusters with regional characteristics have emerged, focusing on the Yangtze River Delta, and gradually formed a regional layout radiating from central cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Shenzhen, Shenyang and Xi'an. These clusters have their own advantages, forming a relatively complete sensor industry chain in China.
Many bottlenecks need to be broken through
Despite great achievements, there are still many problems to be solved in China's industrial basic sensors, mainly as follows:
First, the top-level design still lacks overall design and standardized guidance. Industrial sensor is a small industry in the instrument industry and even a small industry in Chinese manufacturing, but industrial sensor plays an important role in the strategy of manufacturing power. Due to the characteristics of professional dispersion and industry division of sensors, the sensor industry has always lacked a unified industry cognition for a long time. Although the national investment is increasing year by year and the policy strength is increasing year by year, the characteristics of the sensor industry need to be cultivated for a long time. Under the role of local governments and enterprises eager for success, it is contrary to the wishes of the past to achieve the landmark results of sensor industrialization.
Second, the industry is small in scale, low in profitability and lack of core technology. Taking the pressure sensor industry as an example, there are more than 1000 domestic manufacturers with a certain scale, of which the number of private enterprises accounts for about 90% of the total number of enterprises. It has become the main force in China's industrial pressure sensor and transmitter industry competing with foreign manufacturers for the domestic industrial pressure sensor and transmitter market. However, less than 30% of these enterprises have annual sales of more than 20 million yuan, and more than 70% of sensor manufacturers are small, medium-sized and micro enterprises. The industrial scale is very small and their profitability is not strong. Therefore, the core technology, R & D capability and core competitiveness of enterprises are seriously insufficient or lacking.
According to the product analysis of major domestic sensor manufacturers, it can also be found that more than 70% of the pressure sensors produced by domestic manufacturers are conventional strain type, sputtered film type and other sensor products, and about 30% are low-end products dominated by ceramic materials, with a relatively single product structure. Third, there are many problems of commonality and industrialization.
Common key technologies, such as reliability technology, need to be broken through. The high-end typical sensors in foreign typical process industries have been free of adjustment for five years at the end of last century, but the adjustment free function of relevant domestic products is still being popularized and verified. There is still a huge gap between the research and development of basic theories such as materials, equipment, methods and reliability verification analysis of industrial sensor and foreign developed countries.
Fourth, there is a serious lack of "core" in the industrialization of core sensitive technology of industrial sensors. Although the annual output of traditional industrial sensors such as strain, inductance, capacitance, grating, weighing, displacement, position, metal elastic devices and so on occupies a leading position in the world, some have even been exported. However, for high-end industrial sensors, especially in key areas of high-end manufacturing, key industries and supporting industrial sensors for major projects, they are basically 100% imported. Even if domestic production only stays in the stage of research, prototype and small batch pilot test, the industrialization of relevant sensor core technology (devices) is still "a long way off", which seriously restricts the rapid development of China's industry and the "independent control" of industrial manufacturing.
For example, the whole industry of domestic silicon-based MEMS pressure sensors is basically in the stage of packaging and OEM. From ordinary silicon-based pressure sensors and OEM silicon-based pressure sensors to transmitters for high-end equipment control in process industry, the core silicon-based sensitive chips are basically all imported, and the domestic independent supporting is less than 1%; Sensors such as position, pressure, image and inertial devices required for high-end intelligent manufacturing, CNC machine tools and large construction machinery are monopolized by European, American and Japanese or domestic joint ventures in Europe, America and Japan; Domestic industrial basic gas sensors are mainly concentrated in the middle and low-end catalytic combustion, electrochemical, infrared and MOS gas sensors. Only a few high-end laser infrared gas sensors and photoionization PID gas sensors are used in the industrial manufacturing field. The industrialization of industrial gas sensors with new products and technologies lags behind the international advanced level for at least five years.
Although the core sensitive components of MEMS silicon-based pressure sensors and sensitive chips of high-end gas sensors have completed the technical breakthrough, the industrialization supporting facilities are basically zero. The domestic industrialized production of sensitive core components and high-end markets of sensors basically rely on imports. Domestic industrial sensors are mainly concentrated in the middle and low-end manufacturing market. The industrialization of high-end applications and the problem of "hollow core" has become a key obstacle restricting the development of Chinese manufacturing from large to strong.
Strive to improve the ecology of industrial basic sensors
First, take the fine, specialized and special standardized core device industrial base of x-fab in Germany as the benchmark, build a professional fixed-point production line of power, heat, magnetic and gas core devices, realize the industrialization transfer of the achievements of basic core devices of domestic industrial basic sensors, and support the demand for sensors, especially the demand for core devices of the rapidly developing Chinese manufacturing industry.
Industrial basic sensors are the foundation of manufacturing industry. First, solve the industrialization of core devices urgently needed by the current industry, improve the one-stop industrial ecology from material, manufacturing, sales and use, completely solve the embarrassing situation of domestic industrial basic sensors with "device" but no "core", and truly realize the cornerstone and supporting role of industrial basic sensors in the national industrial foundation, Form an industrialization development chain with clear division of labor and clear supporting facilities. Build a professional x-fab production line in China.
The standardized fixed-point professional production line requires not only a good and clean working environment, but also clear products (not mercenary), clear process control and a management and control team with stable quality and skills. Achieve the four "clean" of environment, product, process and control.
Second, focus on interdisciplinary training of sensors, establish leaders in talent evaluation and talent team construction, and cultivate high-end enterprises carrying the banner; We will increase the reward system in terms of standards, reliability and patents to promote the rapid growth of the talent team.
Third, starting from the leading enterprises in materials, manufacturing and sales, build a "one-stop" ecology of industrial sensors. Improve the industrial sensor ecological chain with clear division of labor and realize the supporting role of the "cornerstone" of the sensor industry.
Increase the construction of industrial bases for force, heat, magnetism, flow, ambient gas safety detection sensors and discrete sensors in process industry, form a fine, specialized, special and new industrial layout of process industry and discrete industrial sensors, and cultivate a number of invisible champions in their respective industrial fields. For the cultivation of invisible champions, we will provide policy support from different angles in terms of market, technology and team, set up special funds to support technological innovation enterprises, and cultivate leading enterprises in the ecological chain of functional industrial sensors.
Fourth, increase the protection of knowledge achievements and scientific research achievements of sensor medium, small and micro enterprises, encourage enterprise technological innovation, actively carry out research on common key technologies and basic process technologies, reduce the risk of transformation of enterprise scientific research achievements, carry out research on new integrated intelligent industrial sensors, and advocate the construction of technical hidden champions of industrial sensor small and micro enterprises.
Increase national investment in sensor industrialization, encourage the construction of industrial agglomeration parks and public innovation platforms, and accelerate the introduction of new designs and processes. Strengthen the investment in the research of common key technologies and basic process technologies, give preference to policies, systems and funds, and shorten the cycle of technology to product transformation. Strengthen the demand traction of market applications on the industry, encourage application manufacturers to participate in the R & D and manufacturing of intelligent sensors through commercial cooperation and investment, and integrate the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. Support scientific research institutes and colleges and universities to carry out research on key technologies and basic theories of intelligent sensors and development of key chips, improve the integration and intelligence level of products, strengthen intellectual property protection and encourage the transformation of scientific research achievements. Encourage the research on the integration, technology and application of new industrial sensors, and carry out work in sensing, control, communication, algorithm, intelligent and networked applications to meet the needs of a new generation of industrial sensors.
Fifthly, with market demand as the guide, product quality as the access threshold, and on the premise of ensuring the quality responsibility of enterprises for their own products, we will give more support to the use of industrial sensors in national key industries, key fields and major projects, give more preferential conditions to domestic products, and implement and strengthen the implementation of the national "government procurement law" in the application field of industrial sensors And the "domestic goods first" policy. Ensure the synchronous and rapid growth of industrial sensors in the development process of manufacturing in China.

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