IC

If electronic equipment is compared to a person, the integrated circuit chip is the heart of that person. As the world's second largest economy, China's "heart" industry has long been highly dependent on imports and is seriously controlled by others. However, in recent years, the trend of import substitution of high-tech has sprung up, and great attention has been paid to the realization of localization in the field of high-tech. Recently, a number of industry insiders disclosed to the reporter of China Securities Journal that the state will introduce policies to support the chip industry in the near future, and the support intensity and determination will be far greater than in the past. An industry source said that electronic equipment has been very popular in all fields, whether military, government or civil. It is of great practical significance to realize the localization of the core part of the chip.
Pain of inner "core"
According to authoritative statistics, China's chip imports exceeded US $190 billion in 2012. This is a shocking figure. The amount of chip imports is almost the same as that of crude oil imports. Moreover, the amount of chip imports once exceeded that of crude oil in previous years.
"At present, China's chip industry is heavily dependent on foreign countries. About 80% of domestic chips need to be imported, and almost all of the high-end ones need to be imported, which makes our electronic products need to act according to the face of others to a certain extent," said an industry insider.
In the whole electronic products, the chip is not only the core of the equipment, but also occupies a large part of the cost. For the industry, the radiation effect of chip is very obvious. According to the calculation of the International Monetary Fund, the output value of 1 yuan of chip can drive the output value of 10 yuan of relevant electronic information industry and bring 100 yuan of GDP.
Because of this, European and American developed countries have always attached great importance to the chip field. Since the last century, Intel, AMD, arm and other giants have been born in the industry. The chip industry is also an industry that needs huge capital support. Intel's capital expenditure in 2013 alone was as high as $13 billion, accounting for about 15% of its annual revenue.
Compared with developed countries in Europe and the United States, China's chip industry started late and has a weak foundation. In the early years, large chips such as Godson could not be industrialized, and key equipment and raw materials depended on imports for a long time. From the perspective of industrial division of labor, most domestic enterprises engaged in chip business are OEM, lack of innovation ability, and the number of employees does not match the R & D strength and the identity of the world's second-largest economy.
Difficulty in creating "core"
Since the new millennium, the state has successively issued policies to support China's chip industry. In June 2000, the State Council promulgated several policies to encourage the development of software industry and integrated circuit industry, which defined two objectives: strive to make China's software industry research, development and production capacity reach or approach the international advanced level by 2010, and make China's integrated circuit industry one of the world's major development and production bases; After 5 to 10 years of efforts, domestic software products can meet most of the needs of the domestic market and have a large number of exports. In February 2011, the State Council promulgated several policies to further encourage the development of software industry and integrated circuit industry to further promote industrial development from the aspects of Finance and taxation, investment and financing, R & D, talents and intellectual property rights.
Analysts said that after more than ten years of development, the domestic chip industry has grown from scratch. Many enterprises have emerged in both the upstream and the middle and downstream, but most of the objectives proposed by the state have not been achieved.
At present, domestic electronic products have been greatly popularized compared with the beginning of this century, but domestic chips still can not meet the needs, let alone export. A striking example is that after 2007, consumer electronic terminals have fully entered the era of intelligence, but at present, the design architecture of chips used in smart phones and tablet computers is basically dominated by the British manufacturer arm, and the chip manufacturing is dominated by apple, Qualcomm, Samsung and MediaTek, Spreadtrum and radico, which have excellent domestic R & D capabilities, can only grab a very limited market share from the middle and low-end and white brand machine markets.
In the traditional PC field, China already has Lenovo, the world's largest complete machine manufacturer, but the chip field is still dominated by Intel; In the server field, the voice of global chips is also firmly controlled by giants such as Intel and IBM.
The above analysts said that at present, China's integrated circuit chip field mainly faces two deficiencies: the first is the shortage of talents, which has been gradually followed by domestic scientific research forces over time. More importantly, the technological progress of the chip industry is very fast. Now even the classic "Moore's law" has been broken. In this case, the development of the chip industry requires high capital continuous investment, which is not satisfactory in China.
"At present, the barriers to entry of global chips are becoming higher and higher, which has evolved into capital investment and enterprise scale competition." the person said that the total annual investment of major projects such as China's 863 and "nuclear high base" is only a few billion yuan, and the special project of integrated circuit equipment is no more than 10 billion yuan, which is far from the top enterprises in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea.
A senior executive of a domestic chip company who asked not to be named told the China Securities Journal that under the dual repression of technology and capital by international giants, the domestic chip industry has been on the edge of loss for a long time. The current situation remains unchanged, which is not conducive to the future development of China's chip industry. China has reached a consensus on the import substitution of core technologies, and the industry urgently needs more policy support.

Commax-Tech Electronic Co., Ltd      Electronic component specialist

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